During the American Civil War, diarrhea was the leading cause of death. Soldiers adhered to a code of honor, refraining from shooting at those in the midst of nature's call. Of the nearly 750,000 soldiers who perished, 95,000 succumbed to diarrhea or dysentery. Shockingly, for every soldier who fell on the battlefield, two succumbed to disease. The dismal conditions of overcrowding, poor hygiene, inadequate medical care, and latrines situated too close to streams provided the ideal environment for diseases to thrive and spread among the soldiers. Malaria was the second most prevalent disease, infecting 1.3 million soldiers and claiming 10,000 lives. Additionally, soldiers were exposed to various other diseases such as chickenpox, diphtheria, measles, mumps, typhoid fever, and smallpox. Furthermore, sexually transmitted diseases, including gonorrhea and syphilis, afflicted hundreds of thousands of soldiers when Union General Joseph Hooker permitted sex workers into his encampment t...