Llywelyn had no intention of accepting defeat. In May 1278, several months before his wedding, he received a number of Welsh nobles at Dolwyddelan.
Llywelyn had no intention of accepting defeat. In May 1278, several months before his wedding, he received a number of Welsh nobles at Dolwyddelan. In their presence, Llywelyn took the homage of one Trahearn ap Madog. This was risky: via the terms of Aberconwy, Llywelyn was only entitled to the homage of five named lords in Gwynedd. Trahearn was not one of them, and he was a man of the south. So, Llywelyn was in breach of the treaty. The nobles who witnessed this ceremony included two brothers, Gruffudd and Cynan ap Maredudd, Rhys Wyndod, and Hywel ap Rhys Gryg. This was an interesting bunch, to say the least. Gruffudd and Cynan had both fought against Llywelyn in the recent war, while Rhys was among the first to surrender to the king. Hywel, on the other hand, had fled to Snowdonia rather than bend the knee. These men were unhappy with the postwar settlement. Gruffudd, for instance, had complained to the king that he had been insufficiently rewarded. He was, Gruffudd claimed, the...